The biofilm life cycle: expanding the conceptual model of biofilm formation
Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › peer-review
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The biofilm life cycle : expanding the conceptual model of biofilm formation. / Sauer, Karin; Stoodley, Paul; Goeres, Darla M.; Hall-Stoodley, Luanne; Burmølle, Mette; Stewart, Philip S.; Bjarnsholt, Thomas.
In: Nature Reviews Microbiology, Vol. 20, No. 10, 2022, p. 608-620.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The biofilm life cycle
T2 - expanding the conceptual model of biofilm formation
AU - Sauer, Karin
AU - Stoodley, Paul
AU - Goeres, Darla M.
AU - Hall-Stoodley, Luanne
AU - Burmølle, Mette
AU - Stewart, Philip S.
AU - Bjarnsholt, Thomas
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022, Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Bacterial biofilms are often defined as communities of surface-attached bacteria and are typically depicted with a classic mushroom-shaped structure characteristic of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, it has become evident that this is not how all biofilms develop, especially in vivo, in clinical and industrial settings, and in the environment, where biofilms often are observed as non-surface-attached aggregates. In this Review, we describe the origin of the current five-step biofilm development model and why it fails to capture many aspects of bacterial biofilm physiology. We aim to present a simplistic developmental model for biofilm formation that is flexible enough to include all the diverse scenarios and microenvironments where biofilms are formed. With this new expanded, inclusive model, we hereby introduce a common platform for developing an understanding of biofilms and anti-biofilm strategies that can be tailored to the microenvironment under investigation.
AB - Bacterial biofilms are often defined as communities of surface-attached bacteria and are typically depicted with a classic mushroom-shaped structure characteristic of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, it has become evident that this is not how all biofilms develop, especially in vivo, in clinical and industrial settings, and in the environment, where biofilms often are observed as non-surface-attached aggregates. In this Review, we describe the origin of the current five-step biofilm development model and why it fails to capture many aspects of bacterial biofilm physiology. We aim to present a simplistic developmental model for biofilm formation that is flexible enough to include all the diverse scenarios and microenvironments where biofilms are formed. With this new expanded, inclusive model, we hereby introduce a common platform for developing an understanding of biofilms and anti-biofilm strategies that can be tailored to the microenvironment under investigation.
U2 - 10.1038/s41579-022-00767-0
DO - 10.1038/s41579-022-00767-0
M3 - Review
C2 - 35922483
AN - SCOPUS:85135352110
VL - 20
SP - 608
EP - 620
JO - Nature Reviews. Microbiology
JF - Nature Reviews. Microbiology
SN - 1740-1526
IS - 10
ER -
ID: 316747977